scholarly journals Influence of Madden-Julian Oscillation on Southeast Asia rainfall extremes: Observations and predictability

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 4406-4412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prince Xavier ◽  
Raizan Rahmat ◽  
Wee Kiong Cheong ◽  
Emily Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Rainfall Extremes

scholarly journals Effects of El-Niño, Indian Ocean Dipole and Madden-Julian Oscillation on Sea Surface Temperature and Rainfall Anomalies in Southeast Asia. Case Study: Biomass Burning Episode of 2015

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirul Islam ◽  
Andy Chan ◽  
Matthew Ashfold ◽  
Chel Gee Ooi ◽  
Majid Azari
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Indian Ocean Dipole ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Rainfall Anomalies

Maritime Continent (MC) positions in between Asian and Australian summer monsoons zone. Its complex topography and shallow seas around it is a major challenge for the climate researchers to model and understand it. Monsoon in this area is affected by inter-scale ocean-atmospheric interactions like El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and Madden-Julian Oscillation. Monsoon rainfall in MC (especially in Indonesia and Malaysia) profoundly exhibits its variability dependency on ocean-atmospheric phenomena in this region. This monsoon shift often introduces to dreadful events like biomass burning (BB) in Southeast Asia (SEA) which sometimes leads to severe trans-boundary haze pollution. In this study, the episode of BB in 2015 of SEA is highlighted and discussed. Observational satellite datasets are tested by performing simulations with numerical weather prediction (NWP) model using WRF-ARW (Advanced research WRF). Observed and model datasets are compared to study the sea surface temperature (SST) and precipitation (rainfall) anomalies influenced by ENSO, IOD and MJO. Correlations have been recognised which explains the delayed rainfall of regular monsoon in MC due to the influence of ENSO, IOD and MJO during 2015 BB episode, eventually leading to intensification of fire and severe haze.

scholarly journals Effects of El-Niño, Indian Ocean Dipole, and Madden-Julian Oscillation on Surface Air Temperature and Rainfall Anomalies over Southeast Asia in 2015

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Islam ◽  
Andy Chan ◽  
Matthew Ashfold ◽  
Chel Ooi ◽  
Majid Azari
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Indian Ocean Dipole ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Rainfall Anomalies

The Maritime Continent (MC) is positioned between the Asian and Australian summer monsoons zone. The complex topography and shallow seas around it are major challenges for the climate researchers to model and understand it. It is also the centre of the tropical warm pool of Southeast Asia (SEA) and therefore the MC gets extra attention of the researchers. The monsoon in this area is affected by inter-scale ocean-atmospheric interactions such as the El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). Monsoon rainfall in the MC (especially in Indonesia and Malaysia) profoundly exhibits its variability dependence on ocean-atmospheric phenomena in this region. This monsoon shift often introduces to dreadful events like biomass burning (BB) in Southeast Asia (SEA) in which some led to severe trans-boundary haze pollution events in the past. In this study, the BB episode of 2015 in the MC is highlighted and discussed. Observational satellite datasets are tested by performing simulations with the numerical weather prediction (NWP) model WRF-ARW (Weather Research and Forecast—Advanced research WRF). Observed and model datasets are compared to study the surface air temperature and precipitation (rainfall) anomalies influenced by ENSO, IOD, and MJO. Links amongst these influences have been recognised and the delayed precipitation of the regular monsoon in the MC due to their influence during the 2015 BB episode is explained and accounted for, which eventually led to the intensification of fire and a severe haze.

scholarly journals Seasonal Dependence of Cold Surges and their Interaction with the Madden–Julian Oscillation over Southeast Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 2467-2482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prince Xavier ◽  
See Yee Lim ◽  
Muhammad Firdaus Ammar Bin Abdullah ◽  
Michael Bala ◽  
Sheeba Nettukandy Chenoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Meridional Flow ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Malay Peninsula ◽  
Cold Surges

AbstractNortheasterly cold surges strongly influence the rainfall patterns over the Malay Peninsula during the northeast monsoon season. This study looks at the changes in the cold surges and Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) characteristics through the northeast monsoon season and their interaction. Nearly 75% of the cold surge events tend to cross the equator around the Java Sea area (100°–110°E) in February–March with drier conditions prevailing over the Malay Peninsula and increased rainfall over Java. Both the cold surges and the MJO undergo seasonal variations with well-defined regional features. Wavelet analysis shows that MJO amplitude and high-frequency rainfall variations over Southeast Asia peak in November–December. MJO amplitude is suppressed during February and March. This is linked to the high-frequency surges of meridional winds that are prominent during the early part of the season, but February–March is dominated by low-frequency (~20–90 days) cross-equatorial monsoon flow. These prolonged periods of strong meridional flow at the equator interact with the MJO both dynamically and thermodynamically and act as a barrier for convection from propagating from the Indian Ocean to the Maritime Continent (MC). These interactions may have implications for weather and seasonal forecasting over the region. An evaluation of the properties of cold surges and their interaction with the seasonal cycle in the Met Office Unified Model is performed. The atmosphere–ocean coupled model performs better in representing the pattern of influence of the cold surges despite the biases in intensity and spatial distribution of rainfall extremes. These diagnostics are presented with the aim of developing a set of model evaluation metrics for global and regional models.

On The Possibility of an Autonomous History of Modern Southeast Asia

1961 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. W. Small
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

It is generally accepted that history is an element of culture and the historian a member of society, thus, in Croce's aphorism, that the only true history is contemporary history. It follows from this that when there occur great changes in the contemporary scene, there must also be great changes in historiography, that the vision not merely of the present but also of the past must change.

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