scholarly journals Estimating the human contribution to groundwater depletion in the Middle East, from GRACE data, land surface models, and well observations

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 2679-2692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Joodaki ◽  
John Wahr ◽  
Sean Swenson
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Land Surface Models ◽  
Grace Data ◽  
Surface Models

scholarly journals Evaluation of Groundwater Storage Variations Estimated from GRACE Data Assimilation and State-of-the-Art Land Surface Models in Australia and the North China Plain

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natthachet Tangdamrongsub ◽  
Shin-Chan Han ◽  
Siyuan Tian ◽  
Hannes Müller Schmied ◽  
Edwin H. Sutanudjaja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Land Surface Models ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
Grace Data ◽  
Surface Models

scholarly journals Benchmarking global hydrological and land surface models against GRACE in a medium-size tropical basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Bolaños Chavarría ◽  
Micha Werner ◽  
Juan Fernando Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Land Surface Models ◽  
Global Models ◽  
Grace Data ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Terrestrial Water ◽  
Long Term Trends

Abstract. The increasing reliance on global models to address climate and human stresses on hydrology and water resources underlines the necessity for assessing the reliability of these models. In river basins where availability of gauging information from terrestrial networks is poor, models are increasingly proving to be a powerful tool to support hydrological studies and water resources assessments. However, the lack of in-situ data hampers rigorous performance assessment, particularly in tropical basins where discordance between global models is considerable. Remotely sensed data of the terrestrial water storage obtained from the GRACE satellite mission can, however, provide independent data against which the performance of such global models can be evaluated. Here we assess the reliability of six global hydrological models (GHM) and four land surface models (LSM) available at two resolutions. We compare Total Water Storage (TWS)'s modelled dynamics with TWS derived from GRACE data over the Magdalena-Cauca basin in Colombia, a medium-sized tropical basin with a comparatively well-developed gauging network. We benchmark monthly TWS changes from each model against GRACE data for 2002–2014, evaluating monthly variability, seasonality, and long-term trends. TWS changes are evaluated at basin level, as well as for selected sub-basins with decreasing basin size. We find that the models poorly represent TWS for the monthly series, but they improve in representing seasonality and long-term trends. The high-resolution GHM W3RA model forced by the Multi-Source Weighted Ensemble Precipitation (MSWEP) is most consistent at providing the best performance at almost all basin scales, with higher-resolution models generally outperforming lower-resolution counterparts. This is, however, not the case for all models. Results highlight the importance of basin scale in the representation of TWS by the models, as with decreasing basin area, we note a commensurate decrease in the model performance. A marked reduction in performance is found for basins smaller than 60,000 km2. Although uncertainties in the GRACE measurement increase for smaller catchments, the models are clearly challenged in representing the complex hydrological processes of this tropical basin, as well as human influences. We conclude that GRACE provides a valuable dataset to benchmark global simulations of TWS change, in particular for those models with explicit representation of the internal dynamics of hydrological stocks, offering useful information for the continued improvement of large-scale hydrological and land-surface models of the global terrestrial water cycle, including in tropical basins.

scholarly journals Eco‐evolutionary optimality as a means to improve vegetation and land‐surface models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy P. Harrison ◽  
Wolfgang Cramer ◽  
Oskar Franklin ◽  
Iain Colin Prentice ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Land Surface Models ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Evolutionary Optimality

scholarly journals The CarboEurope Regional Experiment Strategy

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (10) ◽  
pp. 1367-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Dolman ◽  
J. Noilhan ◽  
P. Durand ◽  
C. Sarrat ◽  
A. Brut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Major Product ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Land Surface Models ◽  
Quality Metric ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Global Soil ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Model Agreement

The Second Global Soil Wetness Project (GSWP-2) is an initiative to compare and evaluate 10-year simulations by a broad range of land surface models under controlled conditions. A major product of GSWP-2 is the first global gridded multimodel analysis of land surface state variables and fluxes for use by meteorologists, hydrologists, engineers, biogeochemists, agronomists, botanists, ecologists, geographers, climatologists, and educators. Simulations by 13 land models from five nations have gone into production of the analysis. The models are driven by forcing data derived from a combination of gridded atmospheric reanalyses and observations. The resulting analysis consists of multimodel means and standard deviations on the monthly time scale, including profiles of soil moisture and temperature at six levels, as well as daily and climatological (mean annual cycle) fields for over 50 land surface variables. The monthly standard deviations provide a measure of model agreement that may be used as a quality metric. An overview of key characteristics of the analysis is presented here, along with information on obtaining the data.

scholarly journals On the utility of land surface models for agricultural drought monitoring

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 3451-3460 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. T. Crow ◽  
S. V. Kumar ◽  
J. D. Bolten
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Drought Monitoring ◽  
Global Evaluation ◽  
Land Surface Models ◽  
Surface Models

Abstract. The lagged rank cross-correlation between model-derived root-zone soil moisture estimates and remotely sensed vegetation indices (VI) is examined between January 2000 and December 2010 to quantify the skill of various soil moisture models for agricultural drought monitoring. Examined modeling strategies range from a simple antecedent precipitation index to the application of modern land surface models (LSMs) based on complex water and energy balance formulations. A quasi-global evaluation of lagged VI/soil moisture cross-correlation suggests, when globally averaged across the entire annual cycle, soil moisture estimates obtained from complex LSMs provide little added skill (< 5% in relative terms) in anticipating variations in vegetation condition relative to a simplified water accounting procedure based solely on observed precipitation. However, larger amounts of added skill (5–15% in relative terms) can be identified when focusing exclusively on the extra-tropical growing season and/or utilizing soil moisture values acquired by averaging across a multi-model ensemble.

scholarly journals Exploring the Sensitivity of Photosynthesis and Stomatal Resistance Parameters in a Land Surface Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 897-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Jefferson ◽  
Reed M. Maxwell ◽  
Paul G. Constantine
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Land Surface Models ◽  
Common Land Model ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Rate Of Photosynthesis ◽  
Quantities Of Interest

Abstract Land surface models, like the Common Land Model component of the ParFlow integrated hydrologic model (PF-CLM), are used to estimate transpiration from vegetated surfaces. Transpiration rates quantify how much water moves from the subsurface through the plant and into the atmosphere. This rate is controlled by the stomatal resistance term in land surface models. The Ball–Berry stomatal resistance parameterization relies, in part, on the rate of photosynthesis, and together these equations require the specification of 20 input parameters. Here, the active subspace method is applied to 2100 year-long PF-CLM simulations, forced by atmospheric data from California, Colorado, and Oklahoma, to identify which input parameters are important and how they relate to three quantities of interest: transpiration, stomatal resistance from the sunlit portion of the canopy, and stomatal resistance from the shaded portion. The slope (mp) and intercept (bp) parameters associated with the Ball–Berry parameterization are consistently important for all locations, along with five parameters associated with ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO)- and light-limited rates of photosynthesis [CO2 Michaelis–Menten constant at 25°C (kc25), maximum ratio of oxygenation to carboxylation (ocr), quantum efficiency at 25°C (qe25), maximum rate of carboxylation at 25°C (vcmx25), and multiplier in the denominator of the equation used to compute the light-limited rate of photosynthesis (wj1)]. The importance of these input parameters, quantified by the active variable weight, and the relationship between the input parameters and quantities of interest vary seasonally and diurnally. Input parameter values influence transpiration rates most during midday, summertime hours when fluxes are large. This research informs model users about which photosynthesis and stomatal resistance parameters should be more carefully selected. Quantifying sensitivities associated with the stomatal resistance term is necessary to better understand transpiration estimates from land surface models.

scholarly journals Attribution of Flux Partitioning Variations between Land Surface Models over the Continental U.S.

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujay Kumar ◽  
Thomas Holmes ◽  
David Mocko ◽  
Shugong Wang ◽  
Christa Peters-Lidard
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Land Surface Models ◽  
Flux Partitioning ◽  
Surface Models
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