scholarly journals Solar cycle variation of the electron density in the topside ionosphere at local nighttime observed by DEMETER during 2006-2008

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 3803-3814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemin Zhang ◽  
Jiadong Qian ◽  
Xuhui Shen
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Topside Ionosphere ◽  
Solar Cycle Variation ◽  
Cycle Variation

scholarly journals The solar cycle variation of topological structures in the global solar corona

2014 ◽  
Vol 565 ◽  
pp. A44 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Platten ◽  
C. E. Parnell ◽  
A. L. Haynes ◽  
E. R. Priest ◽  
D. H. Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Solar Corona ◽  
Solar Cycle Variation ◽  
Topological Structures ◽  
Cycle Variation

scholarly journals Middle atmosphere response to the solar cycle in irradiance and ionizing particle precipitation

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 5045-5077 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Semeniuk ◽  
V. I. Fomichev ◽  
J. C. McConnell ◽  
C. Fu ◽  
S. M. L. Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Particle Precipitation ◽  
Solar Cycle Variation ◽  
Cycle Variation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The impact of NOx and HOx production by three types of energetic particle precipitation (EPP), auroral zone medium and high energy electrons, solar proton events and galactic cosmic rays on the middle atmosphere is examined using a chemistry climate model. This process study uses ensemble simulations forced by transient EPP derived from observations with one-year repeating sea surface temperatures and fixed chemical boundary conditions for cases with and without solar cycle in irradiance. Our model results show a wintertime polar stratosphere ozone reduction of between 3 and 10 % in agreement with previous studies. EPP is found to modulate the radiative solar cycle effect in the middle atmosphere in a significant way, bringing temperature and ozone variations closer to observed patterns. The Southern Hemisphere polar vortex undergoes an intensification from solar minimum to solar maximum instead of a weakening. This changes the solar cycle variation of the Brewer-Dobson circulation, with a weakening during solar maxima compared to solar minima. In response, the tropical tropopause temperature manifests a statistically significant solar cycle variation resulting in about 4 % more water vapour transported into the lower tropical stratosphere during solar maxima compared to solar minima. This has implications for surface temperature variation due to the associated change in radiative forcing.

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