Machine Learning-based Whitefly Feature Identification and Counting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Chao Yao ◽  
Shih-Feng Fu ◽  
Wei-Tzer Huang ◽  
Cheng-Chun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Feature Identification ◽  
Matching Algorithm ◽  
Vision Development ◽  
Counting Data ◽  
Image Conversion ◽  
Pyramid Matching

This article uses LabVIEW, a software program to develop a whitefly feature identification and counting technology, and machine learning algorithms for whitefly monitoring, identification, and counting applications. In addition, a high-magnification CCD camera is used for on-demand image photography, and then the functional programs of the VI library of LabVIEW NI-DAQ and LabVIEW NI Vision Development Module are used to develop image recognition functions. The grayscale-value pyramid-matching algorithm is used for image conversion and recognition in the machine learning mode. The built graphical user interface and device hardware provide convenient and effective whitefly feature identification and sample counting. This monitoring technology exhibits features such as remote monitoring, counting, data storage, and statistical analysis.

scholarly journals Estimating limits from Poisson counting data using Dempster–Shafer analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 764-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul T. Edlefsen ◽  
Chuanhai Liu ◽  
Arthur P. Dempster
Keyword(s):  
Counting Data

scholarly journals A mixed thinning based geometric INAR(1) model

Filomat ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (13) ◽  
pp. 4009-4022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Nastic ◽  
Miroslav Ristic ◽  
Ana Janjic
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Method Of Moments ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Binomial Thinning ◽  
Conditional Least Squares ◽  
Counting Data ◽  
Parameter Estimators ◽  
Thinning Operator

In this article a geometrically distributed integer-valued autoregressive model of order one based on the mixed thinning operator is introduced. This new thinning operator is defined as a probability mixture of two well known thinning operators, binomial and negative binomial thinning. Some model properties are discussed. Method of moments and the conditional least squares are considered as possible approaches in model parameter estimation. Asymptotic characterization of the obtained parameter estimators is presented. The adequacy of the introduced model is verified by its application on a certain kind of real-life counting data, while its performance is evaluated by comparison with two other INAR(1) models that can be also used over the observed data.

After a long discussion on the advantages and drawbacks of each method (production or capital), it was decided that the decision would be made during the next meeting. On March 16, 1832, the Board opted for the capital method. However, the debate was re­ vived less than a year later when at the August 20, 1833 meeting the chief accountant was instructed to compare Saint-Gobain’s and Chauny's respective efficiencies. . . . we shall probably be told, with good reason, that if cost prices are charged with the mostly arbitrary distribu­ tion of overheads, those cost prices are an unreliable means of comparing the economical efficiency of differ­ ent methods of manufacturing. That is why we wish to propose a third way in which overhead expenses of the Headquarters are not charged to any production. For the last four months, Saint-Gobain has been costed at OF79 per square foot. At Chauny, both raw materials and labor are worked out at OF51 per square foot. If you add the depreciation of the building and the machinery of that factory, the cost rises to OF71, and if we wish to have figures that could be compared to those of Saint-Gobain, repair expenses for the machinery, the cost for slack peri­ ods or flawed glass must be added. The records in our accounts are not yet accurate enough and moreover too recent to allow us to give precise figures for these kinds of expenses. But no doubt they will go over OF80; conse­ quently, the question of economical efficiency is settled. The overhead expenses to be shared included traveling ex­ penses, tokens, salaries of administrators, a hypothetical rent for the Paris building, and operating expenses, but the fate of divi­ dends paid to shareholders was not sealed. It was raised on Sep­ tember 4, 1834 by the chief accountant: It has often been said that we should not include divi­ dends in the cost prices: this is a big mistake; a Limited Company must always be considered as a business which, thanks to its repute, can borrow funds for its ac­ tivity: those funds produce interests, which amount must be deducted from the profit ... if the interests were not included in the cost prices, we could not know the real profit of the soda factory. The Continuity of accounting methods. The Board of Directors of Saint-Gobain was also concerned about comparability of ac­ counting data over periods of time and under different variation methods. The following quotation may seem somewhat difficult to

2014 ◽  
pp. 261-261
Keyword(s):  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Third Way ◽  
The Real ◽  
Economical Efficiency ◽  
Counting Data ◽  
Limited Company ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
The Cost

Application of Spatial Variance Construction in Correction of Pile-Up Effects of Lidar Photon-Counting Data

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 0528002 ◽  
Author(s):  
高飞 Gao Fei ◽  
李松辉 Li Songhui ◽  
李婉婉 Li Wanwan ◽  
汪丽 Wang Li ◽  
辛文辉 Xin Wenhui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photon Counting ◽  
Spatial Variance ◽  
Counting Data ◽  
Pile Up

273 OVUM PICKUP AT DIFFERENT TIMES OF A SYNCHRONIZED FOLLICULAR WAVE DID NOT AFFECT IVP IN BOS INDICUS, BOS TAURUS, OR BUBALUS BUBALIS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. U. Gimenes ◽  
M. L. Ferraz ◽  
A. Araujo ◽  
P. Fantinato Neto ◽  
M. R. Chiarati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Genetic Group ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Counting Data ◽  
Initial Hypothesis

One important factor in the success of ovum pickup (OPU)/IVP in Bos taurus is the follicular status at OPU concerning the dominance period (Hendriksen et al. 2000 Theriogenology 53, 11-20). The hypothesis of the present study is that OPU performed after follicle deviation, when follicles show a mild level of atresia, improves competence for IVP in Nelore (NE), Holstein (HO), and buffaloes (BU). Objectives were to determine effects of OPU done at different times of synchronized follicular wave (1, 3, or 5 d after expected emergence) and of genetic group (NE, HO, and BU) on IVP. A total of 27 heifers (9 of each genetic group) were maintained in contemporary nutritional and environmental conditions during experiment, in a cross-over design, performed in 6 replicates. Recovered oocytes with at least one cumulus cell layer were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with 10% of FCS plus 50 μM of cysteamin and 0.3 mM of cystine, at 38.5°C with 5% CO2 in air for 24 h. IVF was done with 2 × 106 spermatozoa per mL of NE (for bovine oocytes) or BU semen (for BU oocytes), for 20 h at the same incubator conditions of IVM. After IVF, presumptive zygotes were denuded and cultured in SOF under the same previous atmosphere conditions. Medium was changed 3 d after IVF when cleavage rate (CR) was assessed. Blastocyst (BR) and hatching rates (HR) were evaluated 7 and 9 days after IVF, respectively. About 50% of hatched blastocysts were fixed until nuclei counting. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using the Proc Mixed model. No effects of interaction or time of synchronization were observed in any of the variables. Concerning genetic group, NE had better results than HO and BU (mean ± SEM / heifer / replicate), respectively, for visualized follicles (41.0a ± 2.1, 22.1b ± 1.3, 18.8b ± 0.9), total oocytes (37.1a ± 2.5, 15.4b ± 1.2, 14.8b ± 1.0), oocytes at IVM (30.8a ± 2.4, 10.7b ± 1.0, 7.9b ± 0.7), oocytes at IVC (18.7a ± 0.8, 8.0b ± 0.5, 7.5b ± 0.4), cleaved embryos (15.4a ± 0.7, 4.6b ± 0.4, 4.4b ± 0.3),CR(81.8a, 59.1b, 62.3b), blastocysts on Day 7 (5.1a ± 0.6, 1.0b ± 0.2, 0.6b ± 0.1), BR (25.8a, 13.6b, 9.1b), and hatched blastocysts on Day 9 (2.6a ± 0.4, 0.3b ± 0.1, 0.3b ± 0.1). Recovery rate and HR were greater for NE (89.4 and 50.6%, respectively) than for HO (73.3 and 23.2%), but neither differed from BU (82.8 and 31.9%). Also, the percentage of viable was greater for NE (83.0) than for HO (66.9) and BU (53.1). No effects were observed for nuclei counting (NE = 176.6 ± 5.3, HO = 168.9 ± 13.7 and BU = 206.1 ± 23.1). Results demonstrate that Nelore had a better efficiency for IVP than Holstein and buffaloes. OPU performed at different times of synchronized follicular wave did not influence IVP, conversely to the initial hypothesis of this study. FAPESP (06/59550-6, 07/04782-2), Tortuga Cia Zootecnica®, Santa Adele and São Caetano Farms, LMMD, PCAPS, HOVET (Dr. Ubiraem Schalch), VRA, VNP (Prof. Dr. Francisco de Palma Rennó).

scholarly journals Choosing the Correct Stoichiometry from Single Subunit Counting Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 262a
Author(s):  
Lena Moeller ◽  
Alain J. Labro ◽  
Dirk J. Snyders ◽  
Rikard Blunck
Keyword(s):  
Counting Data ◽  
Single Subunit
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