The Construction of One-, Two- and Three-Dimensional Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials from Molecular Building Blocks

2003 ◽  
pp. 241-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Finn ◽  
Eric Burkholder ◽  
Jon A. Zubieta
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks

Self-Assembly of Proteins into Three-Dimensional Structures Using Bio-Conjugation

2014 ◽  
Vol 1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Thakur ◽  
Kovur Prashanthi ◽  
Thomas Thundat
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Gold Surface ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
Ring Structures ◽  
Self Assembled

ABSTRACTSelf–assembly of molecular building blocks provides an interesting route to produce well-defined chemical structures. Tailoring the functionalities on the building blocks and controlling the time of self-assembly could control the properties as well as the structure of the resultant patterns. Spontaneous self-assembly of biomolecules can generate bio-interfaces for myriad of potential applications. Here we report self-assembled patterning of human serum albumin (HSA) protein in to ring structures on a polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified gold surface. The structure of the self-assembled protein molecules and kinetics of structure formation entirely revolved around controlling the nucleation of the base layer. The formation of different sizes of ring patterns is attributed to growth conditions of the PEG islands for bio-conjugation. These assemblies might be beneficial in forming structurally ordered architectures of active proteins such as HSA or other globular proteins.

Crystal Engineering: Strategies and Architectures

1997 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Aakeröy
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Crystal Engineering ◽  
Crystal Packing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Intermolecular Forces ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks

The area broadly described as crystal engineering is currently expanding at a brisk pace. Imaginative schemes for supramolecular synthesis, and correlations between molecular structure, crystal packing and physical properties are presented in the literature with increasing regularity. In practice, crystal engineering can be many different things; synthesis, statistical analysis of structural data, ab initio calculations etc. Consequently, we have been provided with a new playing field where chemists from traditionally unconnected parts of the spectrum have exchanged ideas, defined goals and made creative contributions to further progress not only in crystal engineering, but also in other disciplines of chemistry. Crystal engineering is delineated by the nature and structural consequences of intermolecular forces, and the way in which such interactions are utilized for controlling the assembly of molecular building blocks into infinite architectures. Although it is important to acknowledge that a crystal structure is the result of a subtle balance between a multitude of non-covalent forces, this article will focus on design strategies based upon the hydrogen bond and will present a range of approaches that have relied on the directionality and selectivity of such interactions in the synthesis of predictable one-, two- and three-dimensional motifs.

Novel POSS-based organic–inorganic hybrid porous materials by low cost strategies

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 6542-6548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaolei Wang ◽  
Liangxiao Tan ◽  
Chengxin Zhang ◽  
Irshad Hussain ◽  
Bien Tan
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Oligomeric Silsesquioxane ◽  
First Time

Two kinds of POSS-based organic–inorganic hybrid porous materials have been synthesized via Friedel–Crafts and Scholl coupling reactions, for the first time, using low-cost building blocks i.e., octaphenylsilsesquioxanes and simple knitting approaches to obtain high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area porous polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-based hybrid materials.

Unraveling Life's Building Blocks: Sculpture Inspired by Proteins

Leonardo ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Voss-Andreae
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Algorithmic Approach ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
Geometric Elements ◽  
Point Of Departure

Inspired by proteins, the molecular building blocks of life, the author's presented work re-creates the first step of the emergence of three-dimensional bodies from one-dimensional DNA. Utilizing an algorithmic approach as his point of departure, the artist follows his vision freely, creating sculptures that bring life's isolated components emotionally back to life. In this sequel to an earlier Leonardo article on the inception of his protein-inspired sculptures, the author presents the unfolding of his vision: Large-scale works of increasing formal and conceptual complexity display the emergence of an organic aesthetic from geometric elements and inspire a more holistic view of nature than that provided by reductionist science alone.

scholarly journals Low-temperature gas-phase formation of indene in the interstellar medium

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. eabd4044
Author(s):  
Srinivas Doddipatla ◽  
Galiya R. Galimova ◽  
Hongji Wei ◽  
Aaron M. Thomas ◽  
Chao He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Interstellar Medium ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Bimolecular Reaction ◽  
Membered Ring ◽  
Organic Radical ◽  
Structural Reorganization ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are fundamental molecular building blocks of fullerenes and carbonaceous nanostructures in the interstellar medium and in combustion systems. However, an understanding of the formation of aromatic molecules carrying five-membered rings—the essential building block of nonplanar PAHs—is still in its infancy. Exploiting crossed molecular beam experiments augmented by electronic structure calculations and astrochemical modeling, we reveal an unusual pathway leading to the formation of indene (C9H8)—the prototype aromatic molecule with a five-membered ring—via a barrierless bimolecular reaction involving the simplest organic radical—methylidyne (CH)—and styrene (C6H5C2H3) through the hitherto elusive methylidyne addition–cyclization–aromatization (MACA) mechanism. Through extensive structural reorganization of the carbon backbone, the incorporation of a five-membered ring may eventually lead to three-dimensional PAHs such as corannulene (C20H10) along with fullerenes (C60, C70), thus offering a new concept on the low-temperature chemistry of carbon in our galaxy.

scholarly journals From time dependent incorporation of molecular building blocks to application properties for inorganic and organic three-dimensional network polymers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lies De Keer ◽  
Karsu Kilic ◽  
Paul Van Steenberge ◽  
Lode Daelemans ◽  
Daniel Kodura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Information ◽  
Kinetic Monte Carlo ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Molecular Building Blocks ◽  
Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulations

Abstract The three-dimensional configurational arrangement of natural and synthetic network materials determines their application range. Control of the real time incorporation of each building block, hence, all functional groups is desired so that we can regulate macroscopic properties from the molecular level onwards. Here we interconnect kinetic Monte Carlo simulations from the field of chemical kinetics and molecular dynamic simulations from the field of physics. We visualize for (in)organic network material synthesis how the initial building blocks interact timewise and spatially, accounting for variations in inter- and intramolecular chemical reactivity, diffusivity, segmental compositions, branch/network point locations, and defects. We use the kinetic and three-dimensional structural information to construct structure-property relationships based on molecular descriptors such as the molecular pore size or dangling chain distribution, differentiating between ideal and non-ideal structural elements. The generic nature is illustrated by constructing such relationships for the synthesis of organosilica, epoxy-amine and Diels-Alder based networks.

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