Thermal Modification of Wood

2006 ◽  
pp. 99-127 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Modification

scholarly journals Flammability Characteristics of Thermally Modified Meranti Wood Treated with Natural and Synthetic Fire Retardants

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2160
Author(s):  
Milan Gaff ◽  
Hana Čekovská ◽  
Jiří Bouček ◽  
Danica Kačíková ◽  
Ivan Kubovský ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burning Rate ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Thermal Modification ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
Flammability Characteristics ◽  
Thermally Modified Wood ◽  
Modified Wood

This paper deals with the effect of synthetic and natural flame retardants on flammability characteristics and chemical changes in thermally treated meranti wood (Shorea spp.). The basic chemical composition (extractives, lignin, holocellulose, cellulose, and hemicelluloses) was evaluated to clarify the relationships of temperature modifications (160 °C, 180 °C, and 210 °C) and incineration for 600 s. Weight loss, burning speed, the maximum burning rate, and the time to reach the maximum burning rate were evaluated. Relationships between flammable properties and chemical changes in thermally modified wood were evaluated with the Spearman correlation. The thermal modification did not confirm a positive contribution to the flammability and combustion properties of meranti wood. The effect of the synthetic retardant on all combustion properties was significantly higher compared to that of the natural retardant.

A model to predict the kinetics of mass loss in wood during thermo-vacuum modification

Holzforschung ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ottaviano Allegretti ◽  
Ignazia Cuccui ◽  
Nasko Terziev ◽  
Laerte Sorini
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Thermal Modification ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Relative Area ◽  
Heat Power ◽  
Kinetics Of

AbstractMass loss (ML) of wood caused by thermal degradation is one of the most important features of the thermal treatments and referred to as an indicator of intensity and quality of the process. The ML is proportional to the quantity of the effective heat power exchanged during the treatment process, represented by the area of the temperature profile versus time during the process. In this paper a model for the ML prediction based on the relative area was discussed. The model proposed an analytical solution to take into account the non-linear trend of ML when plotted versus temperature and time as observed in isothermal experiments. The model was validated comparing calculated and measured final ML of samples treated during thermal modification tests with different temperature profiles. The results showed that the relative area calculated in a transformed time-temperature space improves the correlation with the measured ML.

A review on life cycle assessments of thermally modified wood

Holzforschung ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kévin Candelier ◽  
Janka Dibdiakova
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Thermal Modification ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Wood Preservation ◽  
Cumulative Energy ◽  
Thermally Modified Wood ◽  
Cumulative Energy Intake

AbstractThis review compiles various literature studies on the environmental impacts associated with the processes of thermal modification of wood. In wood preservation field, the wood modification by heat is considered as an ecofriendly process due to the absence of any additional chemicals. However, it is challenging to find proper scientific and industrial data that support this aspect. There are still very few complete studies on the life cycle assessment (LCA) and even less studies on the environmental impacts related to wood heat treatment processes whether on a laboratory or on an industrial scales. This comprehensive review on environmental impact assessment emphasizes environmental categories such as dwindling of natural resources, cumulative energy intake, gaseous, solid and liquid emissions occurred by the thermal-treated wood industry. All literature-based data were collected for every single step of the process of wood thermal modification like resources, treatment process, transport and distribution, uses and end of life of treated wood products.

A thermal modification technique combining bulk densification and heat treatment for poplar wood with low moisture content

2021 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 123395
Author(s):  
Xianju Wang ◽  
Dengyun Tu ◽  
Chuanfu Chen ◽  
Qiaofang Zhou ◽  
Huixian Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Thermal Modification ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Modification Technique

The Mechanism of Joint Capsule Thermal Modification in an In Vitro Sheep Model

2000 ◽  
Vol 370 ◽  
pp. 236-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei Hayashi ◽  
Donna M. Peters ◽  
George Thabit ◽  
Paul Hecht ◽  
Ray Vanderby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Modification ◽  
Joint Capsule ◽  
Sheep Model

Thermal Modification of Partial Tears of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 809-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S. Lamar ◽  
Arthur R. Bartolozzi ◽  
Kevin B. Freedman ◽  
Sameer H. Nagda ◽  
Clifford Fawcett
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Thermal Modification ◽  
Partial Tears ◽  
Anterior Cruciate
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