Plasma renin activity in healthy subjects and patients with hypertension. Preliminary experience with a rapid and quantitative bio-assay

1967 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Gunnells
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Bio Assay

The Effect of Mental Stress on Catecholamines, their Metabolites and Plasma Renin Activity in Patients with Essential Hypertension and in Healthy Subjects

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 229s-231s ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Januszewicz ◽  
M. Sznajderman ◽  
B. Wocial ◽  
T. Feltynowski ◽  
T. Klonowicz
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Vanillylmandelic Acid ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Noradrenaline And Adrenaline

1. Ten patients with essential hypertension and ten healthy men were submitted to mental stress consisting of Kraepelin's arithmetic test combined with noise. Concentrations of plasma and urine catecholamines and of their metabolites as well as plasma renin activity before and after the test were studied. 2. In both groups a significant increase of noradrenaline and adrenaline in blood and noradrenaline in urine was observed. The urinary excretion of dopamine fell significantly in both groups after stress. 3. After mental stress a significant increase in urinary excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol was observed in both groups. The excretion of vanillylmandelic acid decreased significantly only in healthy subjects. 4. The plasma renin activity rose significantly in both groups but the increase was more pronounced in healthy subjects.

CARDIOVASCULAR HAEMODYNAMICS AND THE RESPONSE OF VASOPRESSIN, ALDOSTERONE, PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY AND PLASMA CATECHOLAMINES TO HEAD-UP TILT IN YOUNG AND OLD HEALTHY SUBJECTS

1986 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
ENRIQUE VARGAS ◽  
MICHAEL LYE ◽  
E. BRIAN FARAGHER ◽  
CHRISTOPHER GODDARD ◽  
BILL MOSER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Head Up Tilt

scholarly journals Effect of standing on neurohumoral responses and plasma volume in healthy subjects

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 914-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giris Jacob ◽  
Andrew C. Ertl ◽  
John R. Shannon ◽  
Raffaello Furlan ◽  
Rose Marie Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Upright Posture

Upright posture leads to rapid pooling of blood in the lower extremities and shifts plasma fluid into surrounding tissues. This results in a decrease in plasma volume (PV) and in hemoconcentration. There has been no integrative evaluation of concomitant neurohumoral and PV shifts with upright posture in normal subjects. We studied 10 healthy subjects after 3 days of stable Na+ and K+ intake. PV was assessed by the Evans blue dye method and by changes in hematocrit. Norepinephrine (NE), NE spillover, epinephrine (Epi), vasopressin, plasma renin activity, aldosterone, osmolarity, and kidney response expressed by urine osmolality and by Na+ and K+ excretion of the subjects in the supine and standing postures were all measured. We found that PV fell by 13% (375 ± 35 ml plasma) over ∼14 min, after which time it remained relatively stable. There was a concomitant decrease in systolic blood pressure and an increase in heart rate that peaked at the time of maximal decrease in PV. Plasma Epi and NE increased rapidly to this point. Epi approached baseline by 20 min of standing. NE spillover increased 80% and clearance decreased 30% with 30 min of standing. The increase in plasma renin activity correlated with an increase in aldosterone. Vasopressin increased progressively, but there was no change in plasma osmolarity. The kidney response showed a significant decrease in Na+ and an increase in K+ excretion with upright posture. We conclude that a cascade of neurohumoral events occurs with upright posture, some of which particularly coincide with the decrease in PV. Plasma Epi levels may contribute to the increment in heart rate with maintained upright posture.

CATECHOLAMINES, RENIN AND ALDOSTERONE IN POSTURAL HYPOTENSION

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hedeland ◽  
J.-F. Dymling ◽  
B. Hökfelt
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Postural Hypotension ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Urinary Catecholamines ◽  
Salt Restriction

ABSTRACT The interrelation between catecholamines, renin and aldosterone has been studied in two patients with postural hypotension. Under basal conditions both patients presented subnormal values for urinary catecholamines and plasma renin activity. Urinary aldosterone was subnormal in one of the patients and normal in the other. Attempts to increase catecholamine production using insulin induced hypoglycaemia were ineffective in both patients. Tilting was performed in one of the patients but this did not change the urinary catecholamines whereas the plasma renin levels increased in relation to the degree of tilting in a manner known to occur in healthy subjects. In both patients the infusion of noradrenaline was accompanied by an increase in plasma renin activity. On a sodium deficient diet both patients conserved sodium at the renal level, although the response seemed delayed in one of them. During equilibration the urinary catecholamines did not increase whereas the plasma renin and urinary aldosterone values rose in both patients; again the response seemed delayed in one patient. Potassium chloride was administered orally to one of the patients and resulted in an increased urinary output of catecholamines and aldosterone. Our results indicate that baro- and/or osmoreceptor mechanisms can stimulate the production of renin and aldosterone adequately in response to salt restriction and tilting even in the presence of severe sympathetic insufficiency.

VARIATIONS IN PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY AND URINARY ALDOSTERONE EXCRETION IN NORMAL SUBJECTS AFTER SALT RESTRICTION AND ACUTE PITUITARY INHIBITION WITH 6-DEHYDRO-16-METHYLENE HYDROCORTISONE

1971 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
A. Peytremann ◽  
R. Veyrat ◽  
A. F. Muller
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Salt Restriction ◽  
Aldosterone Production

ABSTRACT Variations in plasma renin activity and urinary aldosterone excretion were studied in normal subjects submitted to salt restriction and simultaneous inhibition of ACTH production with a new synthetic steroid, 6-dehydro-16-methylene hydrocortisone (STC 407). At a dose of 10 mg t. i. d. this preparation exerts an inhibitory effect on the pituitary comparable to that of 2 mg of dexamethasone. In subjects maintained on a restricted salt intake, STC 407 does not delay the establishment of an equilibrium in sodium balance. The increases in endogenous aldosterone production and in plasma renin activity are also similar to those seen in the control subjects. A possible mineralocorticoid effect of STC 407 can be excluded. Under identical experimental conditions, the administration of dexamethasone yielded results comparable to those obtained with STC 407.

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