The health care of children and youths with disabilities.Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical Association

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-329 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
American Medical

scholarly journals Looking back at the lawsuit that transformed the chiropractic profession part 2: Rise of the American Medical Association

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. 25-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire D. Johnson ◽  
Bart N. Green
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
American Medical ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Chiropractic Profession ◽  
American Hospital ◽  
Practice Education

Objective This paper is the second in a series that explores the historical events surrounding the Wilk v American Medical Association (AMA) lawsuit in which the plaintiffs argued that the AMA, the American Hospital Association, and other medical specialty societies violated anti-trust law by restraining chiropractors' business practices. The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief review of the history of how the AMA rose to dominate health care in the United States, and within this social context, how the chiropractic profession fought to survive in the first half of the 20th century. Methods This historical research study used a phenomenological approach to qualitative inquiry into the conflict between regular medicine and chiropractic and the events before, during, and after a legal dispute at the time of modernization of the chiropractic profession. Our methods included obtaining primary and secondary data sources. The final narrative recount was developed into 8 papers following a successive timeline. This paper is the second of the series that explores the growth of medicine and the chiropractic profession. Results The AMA's code of ethics established in 1847 continued to direct organized medicine's actions to exclude other health professions. During the early 1900s, the AMA established itself as “regular medicine.” They labeled other types of medicine and health care professions, such as chiropractic, as “irregulars” claiming that they were cultists and quacks. In addition to the rise in power of the AMA, a report written by Abraham Flexner helped to solidify the AMA's control over health care. Chiropractic as a profession was emerging and developing in practice, education, and science. The few resources available to chiropractors were used to defend their profession against attacks from organized medicine and to secure legislation to legalize the practice of chiropractic. After years of struggle, the last state in the US legalized chiropractic 79 years after the birth of the profession. Conclusion In the first part of the 20th century, the AMA was amassing power as chiropractic was just emerging as a profession. Events such as publication of Flexner's report and development of the medical basic science laws helped to entrench the AMA's monopoly on health care. The health care environment shaped how chiropractic grew as a profession. Chiropractic practice, education, and science were challenged by trying to develop outside of the medical establishment. These events added to the tensions between the professions that ultimately resulted in the Wilk v AMA lawsuit.

Confidentiality of Health Information Postmortem

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (9) ◽  
pp. 1189-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Maixner ◽  
Karine Morin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
American Medical ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Organizations ◽  
Majority Vote ◽  
Judicial Affairs ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Genetic Technologies

Abstract Context.—Recent discussions of health care privacy have prompted new concerns over the control of private health information after a patient's death. The importance of confidentiality protections postmortem is compounded as genetic technologies and research capabilities advance and public interest in this information increases. Objective.—The Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs of the American Medical Association developed this report to guide physicians in the management of patients' health information postmortem. Participants.—This report was developed by the 9 physician members of the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs with the assistance of staff from the Ethics Standards Group at the American Medical Association. Evidence.—Literature searches in the MEDLINE and BIOETHICSLINE databases using the search terms postmortem and health information qualified with confidentiality or privacy yielded a combined total of 129 references. Additional references were culled from policies of a number of health care organizations. Consensus Process.—The Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs solicited suggestions from the federation of state medical and specialty societies before drafting this report. A copy of the report was sent to the College of American Pathologists for comment. It was then adopted by a majority vote of the House of Delegates of the American Medical Association. Conclusions.—The report emphasizes the importance of maintaining confidentiality for information held within a deceased patient's medical record. However, these protections are subject to certain exceptions. Confidentiality can be upheld when such information is used for educational or research purposes by removing individual identifiers. For disclosures in which the identity of the deceased patient is known, a number of considerations are provided to assess when disclosure would be ethically permissible.

Health Care in Jails: An Evaluation of the American Medical Association's Pilot Projects

1980 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anno B. Jaye ◽  
Carlton A. Hornung
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
American Medical ◽  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Pilot Projects ◽  
The Impact

In 1975 the American Medical Association was awarded a grant by the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration to conduct pilot projects to improve the quality of health care in jails. The medical societies of six states were selected as subgrantees and projects were initiated in thirty jails. The evaluation of these projects involved both process and impact components. The principle criterion for the process evaluation was the success of jails in meeting the standard of health care for jails that were established by the AMA as part of the project. The principle criterion employed in the impact assessment was the extent of improvement in the early detection of inmates' health problems. The project was determined to be successful in both the process and the impact evaluation, although notable improvements in jail health care are still to be made.

scholarly journals Looking back at the lawsuit that transformed the chiropractic profession: Authors' introduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire D. Johnson ◽  
Bart N. Green
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
American Medical ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Chiropractic Profession ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Looking Back

This paper provides the authors' introduction to Looking Back: A Historical Review of the Lawsuit That Transformed the Chiropractic Profession, which is a series of papers that reviews events surrounding the federal antitrust lawsuit Wilk v American Medical Association. Information in this series describes the events before, during, and after the lawsuit and the relevant issues related to the transformation of American mainstream health care and chiropractic. These papers give insight into many of the factors that shaped the chiropractic profession that we know today.

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