Quantitative evaluation of muscle weakness in scleroderma patients using magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 246b-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. King
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging And Spectroscopy

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy: New Noninvasive In Vivo Approaches in Toxicology Research

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-425
Author(s):  
Manfred Brauer
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Chronic Ethanol ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Human Patient ◽  
Hypoxic Injury ◽  
Imaging And Spectroscopy

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Spectroscopy (MRS) give anatomical and biochemical information about a human patient or animal in a non-invasive manner. This unique quality permits the study of toxicological responses of an organ within an intact animal and in a manner in which many fewer animals are needed than by conventional methods of investigation. The use of MRI and MRS in the study of hepatotoxicants, particularly bromobenzene and ethanol, is reviewed. Bromobenzene causes localised hepatic oedema and bioenergetic deterioration; these changes were followed with time by 1H MRI and 31P MRS, respectively. Phosphocholine levels in the liver were found to increase dramatically during bromobenzene-induced damage, possibly related to an intracellular control mechanism in response to tissue damage. The ability of the bromobenzene-challenged liver to metabolise a fructose load was followed by dynamic 31P MRS. Chronic ethanol administration damages the liver. This toxicological process results in the accumulation of fat in the liver, which was followed by fat-selective 1H MRI. When ethanol is no longer administered to the subject, the fatty infiltration subsides, and this process was followed over 16 days in the same animal using fat-selective 1H MRI. Chronic ethanol renders the liver in situ more susceptible to hypoxic injury and less likely to recover afterwards, as shown by 31P MRS.

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